Heliogabalus

Heliogabalus
Heliogabalus
The name adopted by Varius Avitus Bassianus, Roman emperor (218-222), born of a Syrian family and a grandnephew of Julia Domna, the consort of Emperor Septimus Severus

Catholic Encyclopedia. . 2006.

Heliogabalus
    Heliogabalus
     Catholic_Encyclopedia Heliogabalus
    (ELAGABAL)
    The name adopted by Varius Avitus Bassianus, Roman emperor (218-222), born of a Syrian family and a grandnephew of Julia Domna, the consort of Emperor Septimus Severus. When Emperor Caracalla had fallen a victim to a conspiracy of his officers at Carrhæ in 217, the prætorian prefect, M. Opellius Macrinus, seized the reins of power. Empress Julia Domna committed suicide; her sister, Julia Mæsa, was exiled to Emesa with her daughters and her eldest grandchild, Avitus Bassianus. The latter was appointed priest of the sun-god Elagabal, whose name he adopted. A report was then spread among the soldiers in Syria, that Elagabalus was a son of Caracalla, and by appointment the fifteen-year-old youth betook himself to the Roman camp in 218, and allowed himself to be elected emperor on 16 May by the soldiers. He received the official name of M. Aurelius Antoninus in recognition of the general desire to pay a tribute to the memory of the glorious Antonine. A rising in favour of Macrinus failed, as well as his attempt to win over the soldiers and the inhabitants of Rome by bribery. An important battle fought on the borders of Syria and Phœnicia to the east of Antioch, was decided in favour of Heliogabalus; the troops of Macrinus, bribed by money and promises, joined the army of his opponent, while Macrinus himself was put to death during the flight. Heliogabalus lived in Rome as an oriental despot and, giving himself up to detestable sensual pleasures, degraded the imperial office to the lowest point by most shameful vices, which had their origin in certain rites of oriental naturalistic religion. His mother Soæmias and his grandmother Julia Mæsa, who also took part in the sessions of the Senate, exercised a controlling influence over Heliogabalus. A conical, black, meteoric stone from Emesa served as the idol of the sun-god, which Heliogabalus married to the Syrian moon-goddess Astarte, introduced from Carthage, and whose high-priest became pontifex maximus of Rome. This led to the greatest religious confusion and disintegration among the pagans in the city, the Christians affording a marked contrast in the manner in which they maintained the integrity of their faith. Influenced by his grandmother, the emperor adopted his so far uncorrupted twelve-year-old cousin Aurelius Alexander, and assigned him the title of Cæsar. The repeated attempts of Heliogabalus to encompass his cousin's death were always frustrated by the soldiers. In a mutiny in favour of Alexander (11 March, 222) Heliogabalus was murdered, together with his mother.
    SCHILLER, Römische Kaiserzeit (Berlin, 1883); ALLARD, Hist. des persécutions de l'Eglise (Paris, 1875–); REVILLE, La religion à Rome sous les Sévères (Paris, 1866); DUCHESNE, Hist. ancienne de l'Eglise, I (2nd ed., Paris, 1906); SMITH, Dict. of Greek and Roman Biog., s. v.
    KARL HUEBER
    Transcribed by WGKofron With thanks to Fr. John Hilkert and St. Mary's Church, Akron, Ohio

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII. — New York: Robert Appleton Company. . 1910.


Catholic encyclopedia.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Heliogabalus — may refer to:*The sun god Heliogabalus, the patron god of Emesa (modern Homs) in the Roman province of Syria.*The Roman Emperor also known as Elagabalus.*Six Litanies for Heliogabalus, an album by John Zorn …   Wikipedia

  • HELIOGABALUS — Deus peregrinus fuit, inprimis Phoenicum. Simulacrum eius lapis erat maximus, ab imo rotundus, et sensim fastigiatus propemodum ad coni figuram, niger et lapidi color, qui caelitus decidisse credebatur. Eminebant in lapide quaedam, formaeque… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Heliogabălus — (Elagabal, phönicisch so v.w. Sonne), eigentlich Varius Avitus Bassianus, Sohn des Varius Marcellus u. der Soämis, Enkel der Julia Mäsa, schöner Jüngling, wurde als Knabe Oberpriester der Sonne zu Emesa in Phönicien; hier wurde er den im… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Heliogabălus — (Elagabălus, eigentlich Name des Sonnengottes, der unter demselben zu Emesa in Syrien verehrt wurde), röm. Kaiser von 218–222 n. Chr., hieß ursprünglich Varius Avitus Bassianus und war der Sohn des Varius Marcellus und der Soämis, der Enkel der… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Heliogabalus — Heliogabălus, s. Elagabal …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Heliogabalus — Heliogabalus, Beiname des Varius Avitus Bassianus, von dem syr. Sonnengotte Elagabal, dessen Priester er war, bevor ihn die Legionen als Verwandten des ermordeten Caracalla als Kaiser (218 n. Chr.) ausriefen. Er schändete den Thron beispiellos u …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Heliogabalus — [hē΄lē ə gab′ə ləs] var. of ELAGABALUS …   English World dictionary

  • Heliogabalus — Elagabal Kapitolinische Museen Elagabal (* 204 wahrscheinlich in Rom[1]; † 11. März 222 in Rom), war vom 16. Mai 218 bis zu seiner Ermordung römischer Kaiser. U …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Heliogabalus — noun /ˌhiː.li.əʊˈɡæb.ə.ləs,ˌhiː.li.oʊˈɡæb.ə.ləs/ A Roman emperor of the Severan dynasty who reigned from 218 to 222. He was known for perverse and decadent behavior with regard especially to sex, religion, and food. But yet I think nobody, could… …   Wiktionary

  • Heliogabalus — biographical name see Elagabalus …   New Collegiate Dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”