Nicolas Spedalieri

Nicolas Spedalieri
Nicolas Spedalieri
    Nicola Spedalieri
     Catholic_Encyclopedia Nicola Spedalieri
    A priest, theologian, and philosopher, born at Bronte in the Province of Catania, Sicily, 6 December, 1740; died at Rome, 26 November, 1795. He studied in the seminary of Monreale, then the most flourishing in Sicily, was ordained priest, and appointed professor of philosophy and mathematics, and later of theology. At the same time he cultivated the arts of poetry, music, and painting. Disgusted at the opposition stirred up by certain theological theses, which were branded as heretical at Palermo but approved at Rome, he withdrew from Monreale to Rome (1773 or 1774), where for ten years he led a life of penury but of fruitful study and labour. However, he always retained his affection for the seminary of Monreale. In 1784 he obtained from Pius VI a benefice in the Vatican Basilica, and then ceased the efforts he had made for years to obtain a chair in the Universities of Pisa, Pavia, and Turin. His first published work was "Analisi dell' Esame critico di Fréret" ("Examen critique des apologies de la religion chrétienne", a work wrongly attributed to Fréret, really written by Naigeon), Rome, 1778. In 1779 he published "Ragionamento sopra l'arte di governare" and "Ragionamento sull' influenza della religione cristiana sulla società civile". In 1784 he issued, also at Rome, his "Confutazione di Gibbon" in which he combats the thesis of the English historian who blames Christianity for the downfall of the Roman Empire. In it, as in the Apology against Fréret, he shows especially the benefits conferred by the Christian religion on the social and political order, inasmuch as Christianity is the most powerful bulwark against despotism.
    In 1791 appeared his principal work "I diritti dell' uomo", also at Rome; this was evidently intended as a Catholic answer to the proclamation of the "Rights of Man", made in France in 1789, which was the signal for the French Revolution. Notwithstanding the hearty reception given to this work by Pius VI who said, "For a long while rulers have been asking quid est papa. Your book will teach them quid est populus", a storm of criticism and refutation burst on the head of its author. Governments took notice of it and (e. g. Piedmont) forbade its circulation. The controversy continued even after Spedalieri's death. In his book, except in certain details, the writer only expressed in the language of the eighteenth century the teaching of the scholastic doctors on the popular origin of political sovereignty, a doctrine commonly taught from St. Thomas to Suarez and Bellarmine, which does not exclude the Divine origin of the same sovereignty. Spedalieri's thesis could not prove acceptable to the absolutism of princes and the Cartesian doctrines then in vogue, which did not admit the existence of a natural moral law but made all depend on the arbitrary Will of God; much less could it please the regalists. On the other hand, it is easy to understand how his theory might give rise to a fear that it was too favourable to the ideas of the revolutionaries. Spedalieri was wrongly claimed by the Liberals as one of theirs, and if some of them accuse him of a want of loyalty when he wishes to conciliate democracy and a Divine sanction of the social order, it is because they do not understand the true nature of democracy or of the saying that all authority comes from God. The controversies about Spedalieri were renewed on the occasion of the centenary of his death. Shortly before his decease he completed a "Storia delle Paludi Pontine", a book Pius VI ordered him to write and which was published by his intimate friend Nicolai, in the work "De bonificamenti delle terre pontine" (Rome, 1800). His death was attributed to poison; a modern writer has not hesitated to lay the blame on the Jesuits, forgetting that Spedalieri's enemies were the bitterest adversaries of the Jesuits.
    NICOLAI, Laudatio Nicolai Spedalieri (Rome, 1795); CIMBALL, Nicola Spedalieri, Pubblicista e ri formatore del sec. XVIII (Castello, 1905); IDEM, L'Anti-Spedalieri (Turin, 1909); IDEM, Nel primo centenario della morte di N. Spedalieri (Rome, 1899).
    U. BENIGNI.
    Transcribed by Douglas J. Potter Dedicated to the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII. — New York: Robert Appleton Company. . 1910.


Catholic encyclopedia.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Eliphas Lévi — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Eliphas Lévi Nombre Alphonse Louis Constant Nacimiento …   Wikipedia Español

  • Abbé Constant — Eliphas Lévi Pour les articles homonymes, voir Constant. Éliphas Lévi, né Alphonse Louis Constant le 8 février 1810 à Paris, où il mourut le 31 mai 1875, fut d abord ecclésiastique avant de devenir une figure de l oc …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alphonse-Louis Constant — Eliphas Lévi Pour les articles homonymes, voir Constant. Éliphas Lévi, né Alphonse Louis Constant le 8 février 1810 à Paris, où il mourut le 31 mai 1875, fut d abord ecclésiastique avant de devenir une figure de l oc …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alphonse Louis Constant — Eliphas Lévi Pour les articles homonymes, voir Constant. Éliphas Lévi, né Alphonse Louis Constant le 8 février 1810 à Paris, où il mourut le 31 mai 1875, fut d abord ecclésiastique avant de devenir une figure de l oc …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Eliphas Levi — Eliphas Lévi Pour les articles homonymes, voir Constant. Éliphas Lévi, né Alphonse Louis Constant le 8 février 1810 à Paris, où il mourut le 31 mai 1875, fut d abord ecclésiastique avant de devenir une figure de l oc …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Eliphas Lévi — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Constant. Éliphas Lévi, né Alphonse Louis Constant le 8 février 1810 à Paris, où il mourut le 31 mai 1875, fut d abord ecclésiastique avant de devenir une figure de l oc …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Éliphas Lévi — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Constant. Éliphas Lévi en 1874 Éliphas Lévi, né Alphonse Louis Constant le 8 février 1810 à …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Liste de philosophes italiens — Cette liste présente des philosophes italiens, classés chronologiquement, par année de naissance. Sommaire 1 Antiquité 2 Moyen Âge 3 Nés au XVe siècle 4 Nés au XVIe siècle …   Wikipédia en Français

  • LÉVI (É.) — LÉVI ALPHONSE LOUIS CONSTANT dit ÉLIPHAS (1810 1875) Fils d’un cordonnier parisien, Alphonse Louis Constant entra au séminaire de Saint Sulpice à Paris, qu’il quitta en 1836 après avoir été ordonné diacre. Les idées utopistes et humanitaires du… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”