Karl Kreil

Karl Kreil
Karl Kreil
    Karl Kreil
     Catholic_Encyclopedia Karl Kreil
    Austrian meteorologist and astronomer, b. at Ried, Upper Austria, 4 Nov., 1798; d. at Vienna, 21 Dec., 1862. He received his early education at the Benedictine Abbey of Kremsmünster, under the noted astronomer P. Boniface Schwarzenbrunner. There he joined in the work at the observatory. He studied law for financial reasons, but, in 1823, decided to give it up and to devote himself exclusively to the mathematical and physical sciences. In 1827 he became assistant at the observatory of the Vienna University, then, 1831, adjunct at the observatory de La Brera of Milan. In 1838 he was transferred to the Prague Observatory, of which he became director in 1845. He found this observatory in a very poor condition and was therefore obliged to confine his work more and more to terrestrial observations. He introduced into Austria the study of a new science, that of terrestrial physics. The necessary instruments he obtained by personal privations and persistent efforts. He organized a rational system of magnetic and meteorological observations, which soon placed Prague in the same class with such observatories as that of Göttingen, which was richly endowed and which was directed by the great Gauss.
    The emperor conferred upon him the cross of Knight of the Order of Francis Joseph. A member of the Imperial Academy of Vienna since its foundation in 1847, he submitted to it his plans for the establishment of a central station for magnetic and meteorological observations in Austria. This was realized at Vienna in 1851. He was made the first director and at the same time became professor of physics at the University of Vienna. His systematic observations, begun at Milan and Prague, soon extended first over Bohemia and later over the entire empire to the shores of the Adriatic, as well as to Turkey and the Black sea. His religious convictions were very pronounced, and, far from clashing with his scientific occupations, they added a new force to them. He contributed a number of papers and reports to the Academy, improved magnetic apparatus, and constructed some self-registering meteorological instruments. The work at Prague was published in eleven volumes, 1839-1850, under the title of "Magnet. und Meteorolg. Beob. zu Prag."
    Other publications are: "Cenni storici e teoretici sulle comete" (Milan, 1832); "Beob. über den grossen Kometen von 1843" (Prague, 1843); "Natur und Bewegung der Kometen" (Prague, 1843); "Magn. und geogr. Ortsbestimmungen in Oesterr. Kaiserthum" (5 vols., Vienna, 1846-1851); "Anleitung zu magn. Beobachtungen" (2nd ed., Vienna, 1858); "Horizontale Komponente der magnetischen Erdkraft" (Vienna, 1853). He edited "Astronomisch-meteorologisches Jahrbuch für Prag" (Prague, 1842-1845) and also "Jahrbücher der Zentral-anstalt für Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus" (1849-1862).
    KNELLER, Das Christentum (Freiburg, 1904), 104; GÜNTHER, Allgemeine Deutsche Biogr., XVII (Leipzig, 1883); MARSHALL, Les Mondes, I (Paris, 1863), 401; GRUNERT, Archiv der Math. und Phys.; Litter. Bericht, CLVII (Greifswald, 1864).
    WILLIAM FOX
    Transcribed by Thomas J. Bress

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII. — New York: Robert Appleton Company. . 1910.


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  • Karl Kreil — Karl Kreil, Lithographie von Adolf Dauthage, 1855 Karl Kreil (* 4. November 1798 in Ried im Innkreis in Oberösterreich; † 21. Dezember 1862 in Wien) war ein österreichischer Astronom und Meteorologe. Kreil studierte zunächst an der …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Karl Kreil — (1798 1862) was an Austrian meteorologist and astronomer, born in Ried. Before university, he was educated at the Benedictine Kremsmünster Abbey, under the astronomer Boniface Schwarzenbrunner. [CathEncy|wstitle=Karl Kreil] He was educated at the …   Wikipedia

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  • Kreil, Karl — • Austrian meteorologist and astronomer, b. at Ried, Upper Austria, 4 Nov., 1798; d. at Vienna, 21 Dec., 1862 Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Kreil — Kreil, Karl, geb. am 4. Nov. 1798 zu Ried in Österreich ob der Enns, studirte seit 1819 in Wien Rechtswissenschaft, Mathematik u. Astronomie, wurde im August 1827 Assistent der Wiener, 1831 Eleve der Mailänder Sternwarte, 1839 Adjunct des Prager… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Kreil — Kreil, Karl, Meteorolog und Astronom, geb. 4. Nov. 1798 zu Ried in Österreich ob der Enns, gest. 21. Dez. 1862 in Wien, studierte in Wien die Rechte und Astronomie, wurde 1827 Assistent der Wiener, 1831 Eleve der Mailänder Sternwarte, 1838… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Kreil — Kreil, Karl, geb. 1793 zu Ried, seit 1845 Director der Centralanstalt für Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus zu Wien, hat sich durch seine meteorologischen und astronomischen Beobachtungen einen Namen erworben …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Carl Jelinek — Karl Jelinek (* 23. April 1822 in Brünn; † 19. Oktober 1876 in Wien) war österreichischer Meteorologe. Karl Jelinek studierte seit 1839 zu Wien die Rechte, aber auch Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft, wurde 1843 Assistent an der Wiener Sternwarte …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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