Josias

Josias
Josias
A pious King of Juda (639-608 B.C.), who ascended the throne when he was only eight years of age. He was the son of Amon and the grandson of Manasses

Catholic Encyclopedia. . 2006.

Josias
    Josias
     Catholic_Encyclopedia Josias
    (JOSIAH– Hebrew for "Yahweh supports"; Septuagint 'Iosías).
    A pious King of Juda (639-608 B.C.), who ascended the throne when he was only eight years of age. He was the son of Amon and the grandson of Manasses. His mother's name is given as Idida, the daughter of Hadaia [IV (II) Kings, xxii, 1]. Of the actual influences under which he grew up nothing is known for certain. His reign of thirty-one years is recorded in the parallel and slightly divergent asccounts of IV (II) Kings, xxii-xxiii, 30, and II Paralipomenon (Chronicles), xxxiv-xxxv. The following is a summary of Josias's public acts as they are set forth in the former of these accounts. In the eighteenth year of his rule, the Jewish king undertook to repair the Temple with the help of the high-priest Helcias. During the course of this work, Helcias found "the Book of the Law", and handed it to the royal scribe, Saphan, who read it to Josias. The threats made therein against the transgression of its contents frightened the monarch, who well knew how often these had been disobeyed in the past, and who sent to consult the prophetess Holda then living in Jerusalem. Holda declared that the threatened punishments would indeed take place, but only after Josias's death. Whereupon the king assembled the people, published the Law in their hearing, and they all united with Josias in a solemn vow of obedience to its commands. This was followed by a drastic reformation of worship not only in Juda and in Jerusalem, but also in Northern Israel, which was not strictly a part of Josias's kingdom, but in which the Jewish prince could easily intervene, owing probably to the feeble hold of Assyria at the time upon this distant portion of its territory. The work of reform was concluded by a magnificent celebration of the Pasch.
    Of the thirteen years of Josias's reign which followed this important reformation, nothing is said in the narrative of the Fourth Book of Kings. We are simply told of the monarch's exceeding piety towards Yahweh and of his death on the battle-field of Mageddo, where he perished fighting against the Egyptian Pharaoh, Nechao II, who was then on his way to the Euphrates against the Assyrians. Whoever compares carefully and impartially with this first account of Josias's reign the second one given in II Par., xxxiv-xxxv, cannot help being struck with their wonderful substantial agreement. Both Biblical records agree perfectly as to the age of the king at his accession and as to the length of his reign. Like the narrative of Kings, that of Paralipomenon refers to the eighteenth year of Josias's rule the discovery of the "Book of the Law", relates the same circumstances as attending that event, speaks of a work of religious reform as carried out throughout all Israel on account of the contents of that book, and praises the magnificence of the solemn Pasch celebrated in harmony with its prescriptions. Like the narrative of Kings, too, that of Paralipomenon appreciates in the most favourable manner the king's character and describes his death on the battle-field of Mageddo when fighting against Nechao. In view of this it is plain that the differences, noticeable in their respective accounts of the reign of Josias by the authors of IV Kings and II Paralip., are only slight variations naturally accounted for by the somewhat different purposes which the two inspired. With regard to the exact extent and the Mosaic origin of the "Book of the Law", discovered under Josias, see PENTATEUCH.
    For works on Biblical history, see bibliography to ISAAC. Recent Commentaries on Paralipomenon by: CLAIR* (Paris, 1880); OETTLI (Munich, 1889); BENNET (New York, ;1894); BARNES (Cambridge, 1899); NETELER* (Münster, 1899); BENZINGER (Freiburg, 1901); KITTEL (Göttingen, 1902). Names of Catholic authors are marked with an asterisk.
    FRANCIS E. GIGOT
    Transcribed by WGKofron With thanks to St. Mary's Church, Akron, Ohio

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII. — New York: Robert Appleton Company. . 1910.


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  • Josias — ist ein männlicher Vorname, abgeleitet vom hebräischen Josiah mit der Bedeutung „Gott heilt“, „Gott unterstützt“.[1][2] Bekannte Namensträger Joschija (hebr.: יאשיהו, auch Josia; um 647–609 v. Chr.), von 640 bis 609 v. Chr. König des Reiches Juda …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Josías — es un nombre hebreo que significa ‘Yahvéh ha sanado’ o ‘que Yahveh sane’. Uno de los tantos nombres hebreos en cuya composición está el Tetragrámaton (el nombre del Dios judeocristiano Yahvé). En la Biblia aparecen dos personajes con ese nombre:… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Josīas — (des Herrn Grund, u. And. des Herrn Feuer, der sehr Feurige), 1) Sohn des Königs Amon von Juda, folgte seinem Vater 639 u. st. 609 bei Megiddo, wo er von den Ägyptiern geschlagen worden war, s. Hebräer IV.; 2) Friedrich J., dritter Sohn des… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Josīas — Josīas, Friedrich, Herzog zu Sachsen, berühmter kaiserlicher Feldherr, geb. 26. Dez. 1737 in Koburg, gest. daselbst 26. Febr. 1815, Sohn des Herzogs Josias Franz von Koburg, machte in österreichischen Diensten seit 1759 als Oberst eines… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Josias [1] — Josias, König von Juda 640–609 v. Chr., ein frommer Herrscher, dessen Regierungszeit mit Recht der letzte Sonnenblick des jüdisch theokratischen Königthumes genannt wird. Er stellte den Tempel zu Jerusalem wieder für die Feier des Jehovacultes… …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • Josias [2] — Josias, Prinz von Sachsen Koburg, geb. 1737, österr. Feldmarschall, in Verbindung mit den Russen 1788 gegen die Türken in der Walachei siegreich, verlor 1794 gegen Jourdan die Schlacht von Fleurus, verließ hierauf den Dienst und starb 1815 zu… …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • JOSIAS — fil. Ammon, successit patri, regnavitqueve in Ierusalem annos 31. Hic iustus, pius Davidis vestigia secutus 12. anno regni sui mundavit Iudam et ierusalem ab excelsis, Et Lucis, simulacrisqueve. et sculptilibus. Ceterum dum pugnat cum Nechaone… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Josias, S. (1) — 1S. Josias Rex (23. Juni). Vom Hebr. Joschijahu = »Feuer Gottes«; nach Gesenius: »den Jehova heilt« – Von den jüdischen Königen Ezechias und Josias sagen die Bollandisten am 23. Juni (IV. 466), daß dieselben nur von Grevenus und Canisius… …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Josias — Josiah écoutant la lecture de la loi par Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld Josias est selon la Bible le successeur d Amon et le 16ème roi de Juda de 640 à 609, année où il est vaincu et mortellement blessé à la bataille de Megiddo contre le pharaon… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Josias — noun the New Testament Greek form of Josiah. And Josias begat Jechonias and his brethren, about the time they were carried away to Babylon …   Wiktionary

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